You can easily make an inverter at home. To understand how to make an inverter easily, a simple step by step method is discussed in this post.
Earlier, our power (electrical) requirements were so less. But now, the scenario has changed a lot. From a simple induction to complex washing machines, from a Cell phone to our high end gadgets, every equipment related with our daily use requires power supply. It is the main reason for the recent increase in use of inverters at our home. There are different types of inverter available in market, but these circuits are complicated, high end and costly. So, let’s make our own inverter at home.
Circuit Design (Diagram) for Making an Inverter at Home
This circuit design does not have any functional limit and comes with an efficiency of more than 75%. And in addition, it is capable of compensating almost all of our power needs and that too at very most of your power requirement at a very reasonable cost.
Fig. 1 – Circuit diagram for making Inverter at home
Theory behind the circuit
The circuit of this inverter is dissimilar when compared to the commonly used inverters as it does not have involvement of a separate oscillator circuit to power up the fitted transistors. In place of that, in our circuit, both halves of the circuit functions like a re-generative process (just like full wave bridge rectifiers).
Whatever we do to balance both the parts of the circuit, there will always be a misbalance in the resistance values and transformers windings. This is the reason that both parts of the circuit can never operate at the same point of time.
Now suppose that the first part of the circuit starts conducting first. The biasing voltage for the first half is being fed by the second part’s transformer winding through R2. As soon as the first part completes its conduction stage, the output of the battery is grounded by the collectors.
The process drains out any available voltage to the base through R2 and thus the conduction of the first part stops completely. At this instance, the transistors in the second part get the chance for conduction. and hence this cycle keeps continuing.
Fig. 2 – Circuit Design for Making an Inverter at Home
Items Required to Make an Inverter at Home
- R1, R2= 100 Ohms./ 10 watts wire wound.
- R3, R4= 15 Ohms/ 10 watts wire wound
- T1, T2 = 2N3055 power transistors.
- Transformer= 9- 0- 9 Volts / 5 Amps.
- Automobile battery= 12 Volts/ 10AH.
- Aluminium heat sink= cut as per the required size.
- Ventilated metal cabinet= as per the size of the whole assembly.
Step by Step Method to Make an Inverter at Home
Step 1
Take an aluminium sheet and make/cut the sheet into two parts of nearly 5×5 inch. Drill holes for fitting the power transistors. The holes should be approximately 3mm in diameter. Drill/Make suitable holes to enable easy and firmed fitment on the cabinet of the inverter.
Step 2
Take the resistor and connect it in a cross coupled mode with the transistor’s arms according to the circuit shown below.
Step 3
Fix the transistors firmly on to the heat sinks with nuts/bolts.
Step 4
Connect heat sink + resistors + transistors assemblage with the transformer’s secondary (output) winding.
Step 5
Place the complete PCB and transformer assembly inside the metal cabinet. Keep in mind that ventilation in the cabinet should be good. Attach the input/output points including fuse holder with the cabinet and connect them in accordance with the circuit diagram placed above.
Your inverter is ready now. You can use a case for housing Inverter Circuit if you desire.
Fig.3 – Inverter Circuit Case
Operational Checks of Homemade Inverter Circuit
Operational checks of the circuit before using it on full scale is quite necessary. To test it, carry out a connection of 50-60 watt bulb with the inverter’s o/p socket. After that, place a battery (12 volt) with the inverter’s i/p socket. The bulb will light up brightly which will indicate that the circuit connection is right and out inverter is ready to go on field. However, if the bulb does not light up, Then recheck the connections.
Where to Use this Homemade Inverter
The power output of the inverter is nearly in the range of 70-80 watt and the backup time is completely load dependent. It can be used to power bulbs, CFL lights, fans and other small electrical appliances like soldering iron etc. The efficiency of this inverter is 75% approximately.
The biggest advantage : The circuit unit is small and easy to carry. It may also be connected to your vehicles battery itself when outdoors so that the trouble of carrying an extra battery is eliminated.
Learn to Make a Projector at Home in simple steps.
its anice circuit bro is there any substitute to transistor because its hard to get in my country
And can 9v-0-9v 2 amp transformer work pliz reply
Dear Alinda, I am sorry for responding late. I was busy with the arrival of my newborn angel.
In laymen language, you can understand it as follows: If you see the circuit, the power requirement at the output side of transformer is nearly 40 watts. And if we talk about a transformers power output, it is denoted in watts or VA. In your case, the power output of the transformer will be 9v x 2 amps = 18 watts. So your transformer will not work. However if you are taking 9v-0-9v 5 amps transformer, the power output will be 45 watts. I believe, you can understand it now.
You can always get substitute of electronic components like transistors online. You can also check http://www.mouser.com . Click on the Mouser part # and you will be given the opportunity to search for similar replacements. If its still unavailable, let me know.
Thanks for your interest in learning
Sahil
Thanks
How many maximum amps of 9v-0-9v transformer can replace in the post of circuit
Zay ya,
As I have already explained to Alinda in the above comment, You have to wisely select the transformer rating and it should be near 40W.
Need to provide more details like
1. Size of heat sink calculation based on maximum power output
2. If both the transistors are mounted on the same heat sink, their collectors will be shorted. Mica or some other electrical insulator but thermal conductor is required to attach the heat sink to transistors or two seperate heat sinks.
3. Also u need to use heat sink paste to properly attach the transistors to heat sink
4. Need to give efficiency information as it is battery operated. I guess this is not efficient.
HI’ in your Diagram and components requires how much Power or watts will it produce?
How to produce more Power/watts? what I’m going to do or to use components to produce much more POwer/watts
How we can charge that battery?
Raju,
Kindly check this link for your query https://electricalfundablogin.wpcomstaging.com/blog/make-an-inverter-at-home-part-2/
how to work inverter?
Rahman sahab,
I could not understand your question. Can you elaborate it more precisely?
Can we use a higher battery. Like 12v 100ah for the circuit given above?
I have 12V- 12A, 220 V Transformer, could I use the diagram provided?
Greg, Nice to hear from you. Kindly refer to my reply for Alinda mentioned above in same page. I believe you will get your answer. In short, its NO. Wondering Why?? Kindly check my reply for that. In addition, Take some precautions as Mr Harey Ram Pandey has mentioned in the comment.
For further queries, feel free to contact me.
Regards,
Sahil
nice thank you ritsahil for sharing i made some inverter …thank you so much
This diagram for 60 watts if i want increase to 200 watts what shold i change in this diagram. Pls reply.
Hello engineers, am very excited,I don’t have problem but one, I made one simple inverter, and it worked for some days, eventually, it just shutdown and later I recovered that it has no capacity to produce power/wattage like 11watt as long as 5minute again as it did reference.. Help me out, am Daniel, thanks..
Can I use bigger battery like 12v 70amp ?
And can I use this invertor to power a motor like a fan ?
Thank you.
What’s the use of keeping bigger battery? Its a small load circuit and you can run small motors (of miniature load).
Regards,
Sahil
Please if I do it exactly as the diagram shown abov, will it power my televis? Am Felix
Kindly consider your TV power consumption before using it.
What do R3 and R4 helps in the circuit above
@Ratna,
thanks for sharing this wonderful information….
really helpful for me….
[…] to Make inverter at home: The load shedding problem is still a problem in many parts of Bengal. And in such a situation an inverter is needed. […]
What do R3 and R4 help in this project
What do R3 and R4 help in thIs project
Hi Ratna thanks for sharing informative post appreciate your efforts. Keep up the good work
Thanx Mike
Circuit diagram does not have AC connections, how one can charge battery
Hi Prathamesh,
The question is Legit. We have tried to represent a basic circuit that even a beginner can make at home. The charging connections are separate and will surely add it for easy reference. Thanks a lot to you for pointing it out. Remember, this website is as much yours as ours. Suggestions like this help us to provide better content quality to our readers.
Thank for your information
Dear Ratna,
Thank you for your very simple design. I really appreciate this. Now I need to make some modification on this design to accommodate a possible anti-phase voltage that could be applied at the output of my inverter. For instance, the output of my inverter is 240V. I applied an anti-pahse voltage of 480V at the inverter output via a load. Hence the effective voltage across the inverter is 240V in the reverse direction. What would happen? What do I need to do to ensure I do not blow up the inverter. I need the inverter not to go bad even in this situation, and to remain functional and supplying power as usual, the moment I remove the anti-phase voltage.
Thank you and Kind Regards
Would this power a TV and a playstation? If so for how long?
thank you
Can I use 12 v 20 ah battery
I really appreciate i have been searching on how to make a simple inverter and. God just directed me here. I salute
Thanks for the very simple design. THANKS. We now need to modify the design slightly to account for the phase shifted voltage that will be applied to the output of the inverter. For example, my inverter output is 240V. An anti-phase voltage of 480V is applied to the output of the inverter from the load. Therefore, the positive voltage at the terminals of the inverter is 240 V in the reverse direction. How to avoid breaking the inverter? In this situation, the inverter is necessary so that it does not deteriorate and can operate normally and supply power as soon as the negative phase voltage is removed.
Please can I get a modified circuit for inverter for bigger appliances
9c teaching God bless u Amen more effort
Many people are making inverters through this system.
Please, what about the charger circuit diagram for this inverter?
Please can you send it to me.
Thanks sir
Hi dear, Plz pass your inverter details. Will try to send a suitable charger circuit.